He had been a constant by her side for almost 74 years, but as the Duke of Edinburgh was laid to rest on Saturday, the Queen was a solitary figure, forced to sit alone at St George’s Chapel in Windsor because of Covid distancing rules.
The event, meticulously planned by Prince Philip and adapted to work around restrictions brought about by the pandemic , saw the him praised for his “resolute faith and loyalty” during his time as the nation’s longest-serving royal consort.
Carried towards St George’s Chapel on a Land Rover Defender he had helped to design for the event, the funeral involved more than 730 members of the armed forces in a spectacle that drew scores of onlookers onto the streets of Windsor.
However, due to social distancing rules only 30 mourners – primarily the duke’s children, grandchildren, and the Queen – were able to attend the ceremony in St George’s chapel beside Windsor Castle.
As the Band of the Grenadier Guards played Beethoven’s Funeral March No 1 to the beating of a military drum, the Prince of Wales, Princess Royal, Duke of York and Earl of Wessex walked behind their father’s coffin – followed by the Dukes of Cambridge and Sussex.
The queen rode behind the procession in a car, following the funeral march of a man who had been described as her shadow up until his passing.
While the focus of the day remained on the passing of the duke, the shadow of schisms in the royal family remained – his funeral procession marking a rare public appearance from Prince Andrew following his defence of his friendship with disgraced billionaire paedophile Jeffrey Epstein, and the first time Prince William and Harry had been seen together since the latter stepped back from royal life.
Draped across the casket was the duke’s standard – bearing symbols of his lineage and relationship to Denmark, Greece and the Mountbatten family, as well as the arms of the City of Edinburgh. A white floral arrangement, made up of roses and lilies chosen by the queen, sat on top alongside a handwritten note from the monarch.
As the Duke’s body was lifted up the steps of the chapel a minute’s silence was announced by the firing of a cannon, observed by both those in attendance and others around the country.
The Queen, who once described her partner as her “strength and stay”, sat alone throughout the ceremony, with a black mask covering her face throughout the service as the dean of Windsor spoke of her husband’s “kindness, humour and humanity” over the course of his life.
“With grateful hearts, we remember the many ways in which his long life has been a blessing to us,” the dean said.
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
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1 /55Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Reenactors of the Malta Heritage Trust fire a nine-gun salute to honour Britain’s Prince Philip before his funeral, at the Upper Barrakka Saluting Battery overlooking Grand Harbour, in Valletta, Malta
Reuters
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Reenactor members of the Malta Command WW2 Living History Group and Ex Royal Navy WREN officer Elaine Zerafa, Secretary of the Royal Naval Association (Malta Branch) hold a picture of Prince Philip to honour him before his funeral, outside Villa Guardamangia, a former residence of Britain’s then-Princess Elizabeth and Prince Philip between 1949 and 1951, in Pieta, Malta
Reuters
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
A woman lays flowers to honour Prince Philip before his funeral, outside Villa Guardamangia, a former residence of Britain’s then-Princess Elizabeth and Prince Philip between 1949 and 1951, in Pieta, Malta
Reuters
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Artist Kaya Marr holds a portrait of Britain’s Prince Philip outside Windsor Castle in Windsor
EPA
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip’s insignias are placed on the altar in St George’s Chapel, Windsor
AP
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
King’s Troup Royal Horse Artillery rides towards Windsor Castle in Windsor
AP
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
A person salutes the King’s Troop Royal Horse Artillery as they make their way down the Long Walk towards Windsor Castle
PA
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Flowers are laid on the grass outside St George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle, Berkshire
@RoyalFamily
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Swansea City and Wycombe Wanderers players stand for a minute’s silence in memory of the Duke of Edinburgh
PA
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Pupils and staff from Gordonstoun school cast a wreath into the Moray Firth from the Ocean Spirit in a tribute to former pupil Prince Phillip The Duke of Edinburgh
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Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Nine cannon rounds are fired in honour of Prince Phillip in Valletta, Malta
AP
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Images of Britain’s Prince Philip are displayed on a giant screen at Piccadilly Circus, London
AP
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
The King’s Troop Royal Horse Artillery arrive at Windsor Castle in preparation for the Gun Salute on the palace grounds on the day of the funeral of Prince Philip
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Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Airmen of the Royal Air Force marching ahead of the funeral of Prince Philip
Getty
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
The Foot Guards Band are seen marching ahead of the funeral of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh at Windsor Castle
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Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Bar staff serve pints of beer at the Duke of Edinburgh pub
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Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
The Foot Guards Band are seen marching into position ahead of the funeral of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh at Windsor Castle
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Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge arrives for the funeral of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh at Windsor Castle
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Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Members of the military arrive for the funeral
Reuters
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
The hearse, a specially modified Land Rover, drives on the grounds of Windsor Castle
Reuters
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Britain’s Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge (R) and members of the Royal family stand outside St George’s Chapel for the funeral service of Britain’s Prince Philip
AFP via Getty Images
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Well-wishers sit outside Windsor Castle following the passing of Britain’s Prince Philip, in Windsor
EPA
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, Prince Andrew, Duke of York, Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex and Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex during the funeral of Prince Philip
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Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
People watch the funeral of Britain’s Prince Philip
Reuters
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Members of the Royal family follow the coffin of Britain’s Prince Philip in the Quadrangle at Windsor Castle
AP
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Charles, Prince of Wales walks behind The Duke of Edinburgh’s coffin
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Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
The coffin arrives at St George’s Chapel for the funeral of Britain’s Prince Philip inside Windsor Castle
AP
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
The Prince of Wales
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Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Britain’s Queen Elizabeth II follows the coffin in a car as it makes it’s way past the Round Tower
AP
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Scotland’s First Minister Nicola Sturgeon observes a minute’s silence outside Bute House in Edinburgh
POOL/AFP via Getty Images
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Queen Elizabeth II arrives ahead of the funeral
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Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
The Duke of Edinburgh’s coffin, covered with His Royal Highness’s Personal Standard arrives at St George’s Chapel
Getty Images
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Britain’s Prince Harry, from right, Prince William, Peter Phillips and Tim Laurence follow the coffin in a ceremonial procession
AP
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Queen Elizabeth II watches as pallbearers carry the coffin of the Duke of Edinburgh during his funeral at St George’s Chapel
PA
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Harry walking in the procession at Windsor Castle
PA
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge arrives for the funeral
WPA Pool/Getty Images
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Charles, Prince of Wales walks behind The Duke of Edinburgh’s coffin
WPA Pool/Getty Images
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Members of the public observe a minute’s silence on the Long Walk in Windsor
AFP via Getty Images
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
People observe a minute’s silence for Britain’s Prince Philip at Piccadilly Circus in London
AP
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
In this handout photo provided by the Ministry of Defence, the gun salute at Cardiff Castle, Cardiff, Saturday, April 17, 2021, a single round was fired at 1500, followed by a single round at 1501 to begin and end the National Minute Silence immediately before the funeral service
AP
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
World War II veteran Malcolm Clerc, 94, watches the funeral of the Duke of Edinburgh, on the television at his home in Knutsford, Cheshire
PA
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
London Black Cab taxi drivers observe a minute’s silence
Reuters
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Princess Anne, the Princess Royal, Peter Phillips, Prince Edward the Earl of Wessex and Prince Harry walk behind the Land Rover Defender carrying the Duke of Edinburgh’s coffin ahead of his funeral
AP
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Andrew, Duke of York, Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex and Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex
WPA Pool/Getty Images
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
A handout photo made available by the British Ministry of defense shows a single round of a gun salute that was fired at 1500, followed by a single round at 1501 to begin and end the National Minute Silence immediately before the funeral service
EPA
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge during the funeral
WPA Pool/Getty Images
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Queen Elizabeth II takes her seat for the funeral
Reuters
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Princess Eugenie of York and her husband Jack Brooksbank
AFP via Getty Images
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Andrew, Duke of York during the funeral
WPA Pool/Getty Images
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
The Duke of Cambridge (left) and the Duke of Sussex (centre) follow the coffin of their grandfather
PA
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Pall Bearers carrying the coffin of the Duke of Edinburgh
AP
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Outward Bounds Trust members, from left, Charlotte Murray holds the Outward Bound Trust flag, James Corfe holds the flag of St George and Ellie Farthing holds the Royal Soverign Flag on the summit of Scafell Pike in Cumbria
Getty Images for The Outward Bound
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
The Duke of York, The Earl of Wessex , The Duke of Cambridge Peter Phillips and The Duke of Sussex follow the Land Rover Defender carrying the Duke of Edinburgh’s coffin
PA
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
The bearer Party found by The Queen�s Company, 1st Battalion Grenadier Guards carry the coffin of HRH Prince Philip
PA
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
Prince Philip funeral: Duke of Edinburgh remembered around the world
The Duke of Sussex walks up the West Steps outside St George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle
PA
“We have been inspired by his unwavering loyalty to our Queen, by his service to the nation and the Commonwealth, by his courage, fortitude and faith.
“Our lives have been enriched through the challenges that he has set us, the encouragement that he has given us, his kindness, humour and humanity.”
In a prayer the Archbishop of Canterbury gave thanks for the duke’s “resolute faith and loyalty” as well for “his high sense of duty and integrity, for his life of service to the nation and Commonwealth, and for the courage and inspiration of his leadership”.
Prince Philip was lowered into the vault of the chapel along with his admiral of the fleet naval cap and sword as his titles were read aloud, with the Queen on one side of his coffin and her heir on the other.
From the nave of the church the last post was played by buglers from the Royal Marines, a force the duke served as Captain General for six decades, followed by a call of action stations, a naval call to battle, at Prince Philip’s request.
While the royals have grieved privately following the passing of the 99-year-old patriarch, members of the family made their own remarks in the run-up to his funeral service.
Prince Harry described his grandfather as “master of the barbecue, legend of banter, and cheeky right till the end” while the Prince William said he would uphold the duke’s wishes to support the Queen and “get on with the job”.
Prince Charles praised his “dear Papa” for the “most remarkable, devoted service to the queen, to my family and to the country”.